Austin callafder



(No Model.)

A. GALLANDEBH' IRON HARROW.

No. 330,675. Patented Nov. 17, 1885.

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ULGZM bearing date the 28th day of June, A. D. 1884,)

UNITED STATES PATENT rri cn.

AUSTIN CALLANDER, OF CLINTON, ONTARIO, CANADA.

IRON HARROW...

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 330,675, dated November 1 1885- Application filed September 8, 1884. Serial No. 142,495; (No model.) Patented in Canada June 28, 1884, No. 19,706.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUSTIN CALLANDER, of the town of Clinton, in the county of Huron and Province of Ontario, Canada, a British sub ect, have invented new and useful Improvements in Iron Harrows, (for which I have obtained a patent in Canada, No. 19,706,

of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to save labor and expense in the construction of iron harrows and avoid weakening of bars of the frames in fastening them in position.

The invention consists in combining bars of iron used in the construction of a harrow with the teeth and with clamps having recesses or grooves in them for the reception of the bars of the frame, and having in the lower clamp a socket for receiving and holding the shoulder portion of the teeth for the purpose of imparting strength to the smaller part of the teeth immediately above the shoulder, on which the screw is out, while through the upper and lower clamps a hole is made through which the screw part of the teeth pass, where they are held in position by nuts, which nuts draw the upper and lower clamps firmly against the upper and lower sides of the bars and braces, whereby the bars and braces are rigidly held at the angle where they are fastened, which angles cannot be changed without procuring clamps having grooves or recesses made for that purpose. When desired, sock ets may be made in the lower'part of the upper clamps, into which the upward projection of the lower clamps are inserted and held by the nut.

Figure 1 is a plan View of a section of my harrow-frame with my improved clamps and lock, having the upper side of harrow turned toward the observer. Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view showing socket in upper and lower clamps, also the shoulder on the tooth, which fits into the socket in lower clamp. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a part of the harrow in which the sockets in the upper and lower clamps are not shown.

A E H are the rods or bars of a harrow, which are also designated as follows: A, braces; E, bulls; H, head; G, clamps, while G is upper clamp, having a socket in the under part. G is lower clamp, having a socket for re ceiving the shoulder of tooth, the top projecting upward for fitting into the socket in the upper clamp. F is nut. 'iiS tooth, and z" end'of screw part of tooth. L are bends, (made in bars or braoes,) called locks, for the purpose of imparting strength to the harrow-frame and holding it rigidly in the position desired. The ends of the locks Lare held in grooves in the clamps.

In Fig. 2, G and G are upper and lower clamps, the lower one being made with socket for receiving and holding the shoulder portion of tooth for the purpose of imparting strength to the weaker part of tooth just above the shoulder. The upper clamp is prepared with socket for receiving the upward-projecting portion of the lower clamp, hereinbefore referred to. If found desirable, the socket in the upper clamp may be dispensed with.

The rods or bars A E H are receivedwithin and pass through grooves or recesses in upper and lower clamps. The ends of bars or braces are turned or bent, as shown at L in Fig. 1, which ends enter recesses in the clamps made for receiving and holding them.

I am aware that it is not new to fasten the bars of a harrow by clamps recessed to receive them, having round screw-threaded shank and nuts, whereby the series of teeth may be ad justed agd the tooth-bars can be set at different angles, nor do I claim this as my invention; but,

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent in and for the United States, is-

1. The combination, in an iron harrow, of bars or braces A E H, clamps G, recessed to receive the bars or braces, having holes running at right angles to the bars or braces, the teeth 13, having screw-threaded shanks 13 and nuts F, and having in lower clamps sockets for receiving and holding the shoulder portion of the teeth '5, and having in upper clamps sockets for receiving an upward projection on 7 lower clamps, as shown in Fig. 2, G G, substantially as and for the purpose set forth and described.

2. The combination, in an iron harrow, of

bars or braces A E H, having locks L, clamps Signed at the town of Clinton, in the county G, having recesses to receive the bars, and of Huron and Province of Ontario, this 27th IO their return ends formingthe locks L, as shown day of August, A. D. 1884. in Fig. 1, and having holes through upper and T 5 lower clamps at right angles to the bars and AUSTIN CALLAI braces, and the teeth z, having screw-threaded Wltnesses: shanks i and nuts F, substantially as and for JOHN CALVIN CALLANDER, the purpose set forth and described. WILLIAM CRAIG. 

